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title: Analog AI Is Back, But Can It Survive Its Own Noise?
description: AI&#x27;s energy demands are reviving analog computing, which uses physical properties like conductance, Ohm&#x27;s law, and Kirchhoff&#x27;s current law to perform...
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# Analog AI Is Back, But Can It Survive Its Own Noise?

**[Towards Data Science](https://daily.dev/sources/tds)** · 10 min read · 0 upvotes · 0 comments

## Summary

AI's energy demands are reviving analog computing, which uses physical properties like conductance, Ohm's law, and Kirchhoff's current law to perform matrix-vector multiplications directly in memory, bypassing the von Neumann bottleneck. The approach promises dramatic energy savings but faces persistent challenges: programming noise, read noise, ADC/DAC conversion costs, and conductance drift over time. Hands-on numpy simulations demonstrate how a single analog layer can introduce over 8% relative error, and how a normally-trained neural network accuracy collapses sharply past a noise threshold. The key mitigation — noise-injection training (hardware-aware training) — is shown to significantly improve robustness without sacrificing clean-hardware accuracy. The commercial landscape includes IBM Research, EnCharge AI, and Mythic, though the technology remains largely pre-commercial and viable mainly for inference rather than training.

## Full article

daily.dev links to this article rather than hosting it. Read it at the original source: <https://towardsdatascience.com/analog-ai-is-back-can-it-survive-its-own-noise>

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Tags: [#numpy](https://daily.dev/tags/numpy)

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