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# C2PA only works if everything is signed

**[sean goedecke](https://daily.dev/sources/seangoedecke)** · 11 min read · 2 upvotes · 0 comments

## Summary

C2PA Content Credentials use PKI-based digital signatures to embed unforgeable authorship metadata in image files, distinguishing AI-generated from human-created content. However, the system is currently near-useless: only a handful of images in the wild are signed, almost all of them AI-generated, while human-captured photos (including iPhones) go unsigned. For C2PA to work, every camera manufacturer must sign photos by default and every social media platform must preserve the metadata rather than stripping it during re-encoding — both requiring significant regulation and engineering effort. Physical attacks on cameras can still spoof signatures, and key management for offline tools remains unsolved. The EU AI Act's current mandate only covers AI-generated content, which is insufficient; without universal signing, removing a C2PA tag is trivially easy. In the long run, once adoption is universal, C2PA could meaningfully stem AI content fraud, but in the near term it functions mainly as safety theater for companies under regulatory pressure.

## Full article

daily.dev links to this article rather than hosting it. Read it at the original source: <https://seangoedecke.com/c2pa-only-works-if-everything-is-signed>

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