Neurotechnology and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face a growing range of security threats including state-sponsored IP theft, cyber exploitation of device vulnerabilities, criminal data extortion, and complex regulatory challenges. China is rapidly advancing in BCI development and consumer wearables, creating geopolitical competition and espionage risks for US and European neurotech firms. Biometric and neurological data collected by consumer and medical devices is increasingly valuable to both nation-state actors and cybercriminals. Existing legal frameworks like HIPAA and GDPR have gaps in covering consumer wellness neurotech products. The outlook anticipates expanding attack surfaces, increased IP theft targeting, rising criminal extortion of brain data, and heightened regulatory scrutiny globally.
