Docker images have become a prime attack vector in modern cloud-native environments, yet many organizations rely solely on vulnerability scanning, which cannot detect zero-days, obfuscated malware, or logic-based backdoors. A layered security strategy is required: secure-by-design image builds (minimal base images, non-root users, pinned dependencies), vulnerability scanning for early detection, Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) for dependency transparency, CI/CD policy enforcement to block insecure images, and container runtime security tools to catch threats that manifest only during execution. Continuous monitoring across the full image lifecycle is essential, as previously approved images can become liabilities as new CVEs emerge.
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