--- title: How Netflix Tudum Supports 20 Million Users With CQRS description: Netflix redesigned their Tudum platform architecture to support 20 million users by replacing a traditional CQRS implementation with RAW Hollow, an in-memory... canonical: https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:site: @dailydotdev og:type: website og:site_name: daily.dev og:title: How Netflix Tudum Supports 20 Million Users With CQRS | daily.dev og:description: Netflix redesigned their Tudum platform architecture to support 20 million users by replacing a traditional CQRS implementation with RAW Hollow, an in-memory... og:url: https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav og:image: https://api.daily.dev/og/posts/qeLeudNav.png og:image:alt: How Netflix Tudum Supports 20 Million Users With CQRS og:image:width: 1200 og:image:height: 630 og:locale: en --- > ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://daily.dev/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # How Netflix Tudum Supports 20 Million Users With CQRS **[ByteByteGo](https://daily.dev/sources/bytebytego)** · 11 min read · 87 upvotes · 1 comments ## Summary Netflix redesigned their Tudum platform architecture to support 20 million users by replacing a traditional CQRS implementation with RAW Hollow, an in-memory object store. The original design used Kafka and Cassandra with caching layers, causing delays in editorial previews due to eventual consistency. By embedding RAW Hollow directly into microservices, they eliminated external datastores and reduced page construction time from 1.4 seconds to 0.4 seconds while enabling near-instant editorial previews. The compressed in-memory approach stores three years of data in just 130MB while maintaining strong consistency options for critical workflows. ## Full article daily.dev links to this article rather than hosting it. Read it at the original source: ## Community discussion Top comments from developers on daily.dev. **@celtboy** · 2 upvotes > For those reading this feeling the need to google a bunch of terms... > > - CQRS is the idea that you use different models for updating your data and displaying your data. ( Exceptional use case would be a fully transactional system like banking software). > - RAW Hollow is a noSql/Object storage that is local to the app and extremely fast. > - Apache Kafka is a log-based message broker (streams of queued messages on disk provide reliability and replayability) > - Apache Cassandra is a distributed NoSQL database for datasets that are highly available and grow quickly, but does have some cons. (... --- Tags: [#career](https://daily.dev/tags/career), [#kafka](https://daily.dev/tags/kafka), [#netflix](https://daily.dev/tags/netflix) [View this post on daily.dev](https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://daily.dev/#organization","name":"daily.dev","url":"https://daily.dev","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://daily.dev/apple-touch-icon.png","width":180,"height":180},"sameAs":["https://twitter.com/dailydotdev","https://github.com/dailydotdev","https://www.linkedin.com/company/daily-dev-ltd"]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://daily.dev/#website","url":"https://daily.dev","name":"daily.dev","publisher":{"@id":"https://daily.dev/#organization"},"potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://daily.dev/search?q={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}}]} {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"TechArticle","headline":"How Netflix Tudum Supports 20 Million Users With CQRS","url":"https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav"},"datePublished":"2025-09-09T15:37:19.379Z","dateModified":"2025-09-09T15:37:43.349Z","description":"Netflix redesigned their Tudum platform architecture to support 20 million users by replacing a traditional CQRS implementation with RAW Hollow, an in-memory...","image":"https://media.daily.dev/image/upload/f_auto,q_auto/v1/posts/70ffa78b9e061df931a1c6bfbea4cf85?_a=AQAEulh","thumbnailUrl":"https://media.daily.dev/image/upload/f_auto,q_auto/v1/posts/70ffa78b9e061df931a1c6bfbea4cf85?_a=AQAEulh","isAccessibleForFree":true,"articleSection":"ByteByteGo","inLanguage":"en","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"daily.dev","url":"https://daily.dev","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://daily.dev/apple-touch-icon.png","width":180,"height":180}},"author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ByteByteGo","logo":"https://media.daily.dev/image/upload/t_logo,f_auto/v1/logos/35be29234ee14d01a9cd049c52e12753","url":"https://daily.dev/sources/bytebytego"},"commentCount":1,"discussionUrl":"https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav","interactionStatistic":[{"@type":"InteractionCounter","interactionType":{"@type":"LikeAction"},"userInteractionCount":87},{"@type":"InteractionCounter","interactionType":{"@type":"CommentAction"},"userInteractionCount":1}],"keywords":"career,kafka,netflix","timeRequired":"PT11M"} {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://daily.dev"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"ByteByteGo","item":"https://daily.dev/sources/bytebytego"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"How Netflix Tudum Supports 20 Million Users With CQRS"}]} {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://daily.dev/posts/how-netflix-tudum-supports-20-million-users-with-cqrs-qeleudnav","comment":[{"@type":"Comment","text":"For those reading this feeling the need to google a bunch of terms…\n\nCQRS is the idea that you use different models for updating your data and displaying your data. ( Exceptional use case would be a fully transactional system like banking software).\nRAW Hollow is a noSql/Object storage that is local to the app and extremely fast.\nApache Kafka is a log-based message broker (streams of queued messages on disk provide reliability and replayability)\nApache Cassandra is a distributed NoSQL database for datasets that are highly available and grow quickly, but does have some cons. ( https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/system-design/system-design-when-to-and-when-not-to-use-cassandra/ )\n\nRAW Hollow excerpt:\n“By leveraging compression, despite being in-memory, RAW\nHollow allows scaling datasets up to a 100 million records per\nentity. Reads are eventually consistent by default, and completely\nlocal to the application, ensuring extremely low latencies and high\navailability. RAW Hollow allows applications to query millions\nof records in milliseconds” – source: https://hollow.how/raw-hollow-sigmod.pdf","datePublished":"2025-10-19T16:19:59.037Z","url":"https://daily.dev/posts/qeLeudNav#c-E8B7MVMP5","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"John","url":"https://daily.dev/celtboy","image":"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a/ACg8ocJy0wsUBVRTbY15NQS01U6d9iFuQR5BBerT8wUE8jzrrLHxGjSx=s96-c"},"interactionStatistic":{"@type":"InteractionCounter","interactionType":{"@type":"LikeAction"},"userInteractionCount":2}}]} ```