A historical overview of CSS layout techniques used before Flexbox and Grid existed. Covers floats and the clearfix hack, inline-block whitespace issues, table-based layouts, spacer GIFs, image-based gradients and rounded corners, negative-margin centering, the box-sizing problem, and Internet Explorer compatibility hacks. Contrasts these painful workarounds with how modern CSS Grid and Flexbox solve the same problems in a fraction of the code. Notes that some legacy techniques (especially table layouts for HTML email) remain relevant today.
