--- title: I rendered 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230... description: A developer built confusable-vision, a tool that renders all 1,418 Unicode TR39 confusable pairs across 230 macOS system fonts and measures visual similarity... canonical: https://daily.dev/posts/i-rendered-1-418-unicode-confusable-pairs-across-230-fonts-most-aren-t-confusable-to-the-eye--9tc3tpp5r twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:site: @dailydotdev og:type: website og:site_name: daily.dev og:title: I rendered 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230 fonts. Most aren't confusable to the eye. | daily.dev og:description: A developer built confusable-vision, a tool that renders all 1,418 Unicode TR39 confusable pairs across 230 macOS system fonts and measures visual similarity... og:url: https://daily.dev/posts/i-rendered-1-418-unicode-confusable-pairs-across-230-fonts-most-aren-t-confusable-to-the-eye--9tc3tpp5r og:image: https://api.daily.dev/og/posts/9TC3Tpp5R.png og:image:alt: I rendered 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230 fonts. Most aren't confusable to the eye. og:image:width: 1200 og:image:height: 630 og:locale: en --- > ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://daily.dev/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # I rendered 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230 fonts. Most aren't confusable to the eye. **[Hacker News](https://daily.dev/sources/hn)** · 13 min read · 0 upvotes · 0 comments ## Summary A developer built confusable-vision, a tool that renders all 1,418 Unicode TR39 confusable pairs across 230 macOS system fonts and measures visual similarity using SSIM. Key findings: 96.5% of confusables.txt entries are not visually high-risk, but 82 pairs are pixel-identical in at least one font. Core Cyrillic homoglyphs (а, е, о, р, с, у, х) are pixel-identical to their Latin counterparts in 35-46 fonts including Arial, Georgia, and Verdana. The analysis reveals that confusable risk is font-dependent, not just character-pair-dependent. Fonts like Phosphate and Copperplate have 67%+ danger rates, while Zapfino has 0%. The tool uses SSIM over CNN-based approaches for determinism and reproducibility. Practical implications include browser font fallback determining spoofing risk, address bars being vulnerable to Cyrillic homograph attacks, and the need for per-script thresholds in confusable detection systems rather than binary membership checks. ## Full article daily.dev links to this article rather than hosting it. Read it at the original source: ## Similar posts on daily.dev - [confusables.txt and NFKC disagree on 31 characters](https://daily.dev/posts/confusables-txt-and-nfkc-disagree-on-31-characters-qxiubcbi1) · Lobsters · 1 upvotes · 0 comments - [Same Look, Different Code: The Technical Reality Behind Homoglyph Attacks](https://daily.dev/posts/same-look-different-code-the-technical-reality-behind-homoglyph-attacks-y0zjzlc1m) · Security Boulevard · 0 upvotes · 0 comments --- [View this post on daily.dev](https://daily.dev/posts/i-rendered-1-418-unicode-confusable-pairs-across-230-fonts-most-aren-t-confusable-to-the-eye--9tc3tpp5r) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://daily.dev/#organization","name":"daily.dev","url":"https://daily.dev","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://daily.dev/apple-touch-icon.png","width":180,"height":180},"sameAs":["https://twitter.com/dailydotdev","https://github.com/dailydotdev","https://www.linkedin.com/company/daily-dev-ltd"]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://daily.dev/#website","url":"https://daily.dev","name":"daily.dev","publisher":{"@id":"https://daily.dev/#organization"},"potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://daily.dev/search?q={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}}]} {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"TechArticle","headline":"I rendered 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230 fonts. 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