MCP (Model Context Protocol) and ADK (Agent Development Kit) solve two distinct problems in AI agent development. MCP, created by Anthropic, is an open standard that standardizes how AI agents connect to external tools, APIs, databases, and files using JSON-RPC messaging — eliminating the need for custom integrations. ADK, an open-source Python framework from Google, provides structure for building, orchestrating, and running agents, including support for multi-agent architectures with LLM-driven and deterministic workflow agents. The two are complementary: MCP handles the connectivity layer while ADK handles agent logic, memory, state, and orchestration. ADK is also MCP-compatible, allowing MCP servers to be plugged in as tool sources.

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