Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a modular nanorobot — 150 times smaller than a human hair — capable of being adapted for multiple applications. Unlike previous single-purpose nanorobots, this system features a magnetic propulsion module and a payload capsule connected via a DNA-based self-assembly mechanism. The payload capsule holds enzyme-loaded polymer vesicles that can catalyze reactions or release therapeutic agents at targeted locations. In lab tests using HeLa cancer cells, the nanorobots successfully delivered an anticancer drug that reduced cell viability to 16% within 72 hours. The magnetic propulsion module also allows the nanorobots to be retrieved and reused, with payload capsules refillable for repeated use. Beyond medicine, the system shows promise for industrial catalysis and environmental applications.
